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Capital punishment in Europe
The death penalty has been completely abolished in all European countries, except for Belarus. The absolute ban on the death penalty is enshrined in both the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU) and the European Convention on Human Rights of the Council of Europe, and is thus considered a central value. Of all modern European countries, San Marino and Portugal were the first to abolish capital punishment, whereas only Belarus still practice capital punishment in some form or another. In 2012, Latvia became the last EU Member State to abolish capital punishment in war time.〔(Abolition of death penalty is now complete in Latvia )〕
As of 2013, in Europe, the death penalty for peace-time crimes has been abolished in all countries except Belarus, while the death penalty for war-time crimes has been abolished in all countries except Belarus and Kazakhstan.〔http://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/abolitionist-and-retentionist-countries〕 (Kazakhstan is a country situated partly in Europe and partly in Asia).
In Russia the death penalty has been indefinitely suspended (under moratorium), therefore the country is ''de facto'' abolitionist (in practice).〔http://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/abolitionist-and-retentionist-countries〕
Except for Belarus, which carried out an execution in 2014, the last executions by a European country occurred in Kazakhstan (which is partly in Asia) in 2003, and Ukraine in 1997.
==Abolition==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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